Motivational theories within the workplace Essay

Motivation is a rea male child or reasons for acting or behaving in a grouchy way. Motivation potful be outlined as a process that helps achieve goals through behaviour that guides and maintains behaviour in vow to achieve a positive end result. Motivation stretch forths to actions, such as exploreing a topic, educate yourself to further your knowledge or buy the farmings(a) to hold m maviny.Abraham Maslow imagined that humans had want and drive dependant on their deals. The main motif creation physiological which is followed by new(prenominal) destinys of less splendor such as safety, love, prise and self actualisation. This was then placed into a hierarchy of requirements represented into a pyramid (See appendix 1). Maslow believed that the showtime need had to be met in order to achieve to move before to the atomic number 16. Alongside Maslows possible action of motivation, Herzberg has a two factor core system of motivation which is as well as a main scheme. From Herzbergs research he suggested a two-step approach to infrastanding employee motivation and felicity. Herzbergs two factor guess distinguishes amidst the motivators and hygiene factors.Hygiene factors ar required for employees to feel comfortable at naturalize if these atomic number 18 non met and argon adequate, this squeeze out cause dis bedment for employees. Hygiene factors include feelings of job security, working conditions, wages and club policy. Overall hygiene factors argon needed to project employee is not dissatisfied. Motivator factors argon needed to create job bliss once motivational factors ar met this atomic number 50 see employees be do above what is expected of them. Motivator factors include a sense of soulfulnessalised achievement, opportunity for promotion, responsibility and gaining recognition. Motivator factors argon needed to make employees to get along at higher level. (Appendix 2)An Advantage of Maslows theory is the ord er that is needed to identify the needs of the employees, ranging from basic to higher needs. some opposite benefit of Maslows theory is that it stop be applied to various ship throneal of understanding employee behaviour and deciding rewards at opposite levels from a trouble view. Disadvantage of Maslows model is that one percentage pointneeds to be met before progress onto other storey can be achieved. Another disadvantage is that Maslow theory whitethorn be restricted to western cultures it does not take into account varied cultures and the need of those cultures.An Advantage of Herzbergs theory is identification of factors which give way behind motivate and demotivate employees, factors which can be controlled by management. Herzbergs model can also be utilize to identify issues that need to be addressed by management for example hygiene and cleanliness in the study. A Disadvantage of Herzbergs model is the model can be seen as a generalisation which may not be relevant to all employees and workforces. Some employees get paid by the hour, thusly may not be interested in motivator factors, rather complete many hours of work which depart result in a larger paycheque. twain theorists based their argument on human internal feelings needing to be satisfied, before work of a higher standard can be expected. Both theories suggest similar criteria that motivate employees. Similarities also extend to one stage must be completed before advancing onto the next. Both theories be also influenced by factors such as environmental conditions and employee attitudes. Although both(prenominal) theories consider similarities at that place atomic number 18 also variances, Maslows theory has a hierarchy and Herzberg does not have a hierarchy. The main goal of Maslows theory is for needs to be met in order for an exclusive to explicate a healthy way of emotional state. Herzbergs ultimate goal is for motivation to be the attitude of the employee, wh ilst not guidanceing on the quality of life for the employee.Maslows hierarchy of needs is relevant to Google. Google focuses on the psychological, friendship and esteem needs of Maslows theory. Google believes in providing awards for its employees. Google recognises that employees are not alone motivate by pay bonuses. Google provides dining facilities, laun alter rooms, massage rooms, haircuts, motorcar washes and dry cleaning services deep down their workplace for their employees. Google recognises that if employees can get errands do on their work breaks that they result feel much walk well-bred and this ordain show in their work. Hertzbergs theory is relevant to apple. orchard apple tree implements aspects ofHertzbergs theory within the structure of the company. apple uses hygiene factors as a foundation that they launch from, these factors in themselves do not motivate staff yet leave them in a neutral state. building on from this, motivating factors that are used for employees are the knowledge they are gaining working for Apple one of the worlds leading companies in technology. Everything is top-secret employees have regular meetings keeping them refreshed with travails, not unendingly knowing the full extent of the work they are doing aware we can lead to. Employees are cook to work in assemblys with each other this motivates them unitedly to draw up with new ideas, which could possibly be used in technology all over the world.After reviewing both Hertzberg and Maslows theory, I believe Maslows theory to be more than legal when implemented in a work force environment. Maslows theory considers a stepwise needs of the employees, whereas Hertzbergs theory does have step-by-step needs, its simply allows the employee to be a neutral state of headway whilst adding in factors which can motivate them. Maslows theory is much more details and when implemented can have higher results. Apple uses the theory of Hertzberg, whereas Google uses the theory of Maslow. Google seem to have a much more mental object work force stemming from the luxuries they offer. Where as if it wasnt for the fact that Apple employees were working for such a well-known employer, i believe Hertzbergs theory would be much less effectual within a workforce. try the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers in achieving organisational surgical operation focussing approaches are important to an organisation as they are the voice surrounded by the management and workers within an organisation. If management value their workers and make them feel valued, this will produce a positive working environment, which allows employees to perform at their best. restricted on the approach used this can also increase colloquy within the workforce, which can lead to spur of the moment ideas which the business benefits from. By delivering a positive management approach to the workforce, organisation will need to invest time and money, which is then put bac k into the company with a positive workforce. at that place are threecategories of motivation theories. The first is the satisfaction theory, this is the assumption that satisfied worker is a prolific worker. Incentive theories, believe the soul will work harder when good performance is rewarded. Intrinsic theory believes the reward will come from the satisfaction in the work itself, employees enjoy participating in their role and see it as an opportunity to learn. all(a) three theories of motivation believe the case-by-cases need encouragement to perform at their best.Google uses satisfaction theory they satisfy their workforce by offering them legion(predicate) benefits which makes them happy they believe that by workers having perks such as laundry service, car wash, massage etc. available at work, they will perform at the highest standard.Apple uses the intrinsic theory they believe that their employees should be privileged to work for the company, employees also believe in the reward will come from the satisfaction in the work yourself. Employees will feel cause by the pattern that they are possibly changing future technology. treat the extend to that different lead directions may have on motivation in organisations in periods of flip-flopLeadership is the action of leading a company of citizenry or an organization. Leadership can be seen as a person or team up with authority who offer guidance to employees which are under their control of management. antiauthoritarian lead allows members of the group to share and establish ideas. This approach is taken upon the belief that the learning air is usually well-nigh effective and will lead to more productive results.Benefit of parliamentary leadership is that quote members are encouraged to share their thoughts which can lead to better and more creative solutions to problems. The downside of a democratic leadership can be communication failures in group work, also, team members may not ha ve the necessary knowledge needed to make contributions.Autocratic leadership is when an individual takes control over group members.Autocratic leaders will generally make choices based on their own preferences. Benefits of autocratic leadership are decisions can be made without consulting employees. Disadvantage of autocratic leadership is that it can be easily abused by an individual member, which employees may then hold resentment towards. Employees may also feel that there are opinions are not being taken on board.Laissez faire is the style of leadership where management allow employees freedom. Employees have the power and authority to require their own decisions and goals. Benefits of this approach are that employees feel they have been trusted, therefore work harder to achieve a better result. Negative effects of this leadership may lead to employees not managing their schedule effectively enough, costing companys time and money.Paternalistic leadership is a form of fatherly management style. Generally used by dominant male figures, where employees are expected to be loyal such as the father and son relationship. Benefits of this leadership style are loyal and obedient employees. Disadvantage of this style of leadership are employees not able to contribute their ideas regularly.Laissez faire leadership is reproducible with that of Google. Google allow their employees to self manage their own time schedule, they believe this to be the most effective method to get the best results possible. Google believe if employees are allowed to manage their own workload, this will create a more productive workforce. Autocratic leadership is consistent with Apples method of leadership. The decisions are chosen by Steve jobs solely. While Steve would take on opinions from employees the end product decision is his.Democratic leadership has aspects of both Apple and Google leadership styles within it. Both Apple and Google allow their employees to work within team, to discuss ideas and thoughts, allowing employees with certain skill sets to come together and to bounce off each other.Skills needed by a leader are presents, motivation, creating a vision,creating a good team atmosphere, being able to utilise the skills of different team members. The main skill needed is being able to achieve effective performance from their employees. Explain the nature of team workingGroupwork is a number of people or things that are located, gathered, or classed together. There are two types of groups, formal groups and liberal groups. Formal groups are those such as work relations defined by structure. Informal groups such as friends, society are structured. The difference between a team and a group in the workplace is that a group interacts primarily to share information, whereas a team binds individual efforts to perform better together in a group. The goal within groups is to share information the goal within teams is for collective performance.The synergy b etween groups can be negative whereas in teams it is mainly positive. The skills within a group are random and varied whereas in a team they are complementary. Research is done by management when organising together a team, so that key skills complement allowing employees to thrive off each other. Whereas groups are always varied, if in a group you fail, you fail your part. If in a team you fail, the whole team suffers as a consequence.There are five stages of group development. Forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning stage. The forming stage is the first stage, when groups gather there is much uncertainty about the group from the differing personalities to whom will take charge. The second stage is storming stage where there are many conflicts, as the group get to know each other. Norming stage is the third, where conflicts are generally resolved, contiguous relationships are formed and employees find ways of tolerating one another. Performing stage is stage four, a team is created where employees know how to motivate each other and recognise one anothers skill set. Adjourning stage is stage five, where activities are wrapped up and finalised. In a team where you have different employees playing different roles, the more variety you have the roles and skills you have, with a better outcome.Factors which can promote effective teams are diversity, communication, leadership and team-building exercises. revolution can promote an effectiveteam by embracing different cultures and talents aswell as raising awareness/respect for differences which will then go on to support effective teams. Lacking diversity in teams can lead to team members not able to solve problems as their mindsets are very similar. Effective communication can promote an effective team, if team members feel confident to question each other on the task this will lead to a more defined overall product. An effective team is supported by leadership, leaders support teams by utilising a nd coordinate skills, aswell as keeping a positive atmosphere.Belbin was upon the belief that if you bought employees together with a varied skill set, the end result would speak volumes. Belbin decided which roles would need to be fulfilled within a team these are (Appendix 3). gumminess is degree to which group members are attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group. Ways in which group viscidness can be increased can be to make the group smaller, so that employees have a closer connection to one another and can enunciate more effectively. Increasing time employees spend together will increase motivation to participate. Stimulating competition with rival groups will create good cohesiveness as groups will strive to win. physically isolating the group in an environment where they can only leave until the task is done, will increase the cohesiveness as the group will all have the same(p) aim in mind of refinement the project a.s.a.p.The overall importance of t eams is essential to the both Apple and Google. untold of the process of initiating new ideas for the company is created within teams of employees with specialised skill sets.Discuss what factors may promote or threaten the development of effective teamwork in organisationsAbility can affect an employees behaviour within the workforce, if they are capable of doing the work at hand they are likely to meet it. If an individual does not feel they have the major power to do the work set, this can affect their behaviour in the workforce as they can become lazy,un-enthusiastic and brush this off onto their peers. Google work with their employees so that employees can set their own targets, this is an advantage as employees would only set targets they have the ability to achieve. An attitude is a mental state an individual has within the workforce, individual behaviour can be affected severely if a person does not have the correct attitude needed for the task, work may be completed to a n unsatisfactory level with the maximum time taken to do so, a persons ambition can also be affected by poor attitude towards their work.(Appendix 4) Stress and change can have a huge influence on an individuals behaviour, for somebody who is suffering with stress, this may cause low self-reliance levels and poor obedience in line with the companys determine classing the employee as a liability.(Appendix 5) All these factors which can affect an employees performance within teamwork, can brush off onto other members of the team with the same negative results. Apple and Google do their best to ensure these negative factors do not occur within their workforce, by the perks which employees are offered.Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within the two organisationsThere are many different ways of technology in which employees of Apple and Google can communicate with each other. Skype, e-mails, messaging, voice calls. Advantages of using technology to communicate with in teams is this can be done outside of the workforce, and is available at all times, so if a team member had spontaneous idea, they could electrical relay this to their peers, this also allows employees increased times for decision making aswell as leveling of team members. Disadvantage of this is employees may then lack professionalism and not focus on the task at hand the quality of technology responses can be hindered such as an employee replying to a quick e-mail on a Friday afternoon which is likely to be brief. Issues in using instantlys technology is that it may not always be reliable, as all employees cannot access the technology at the same time, or if it is under maintenance.